Geochemistry utilizes the principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms regulating the workings of the major geological systems such as the Earth’s mantle, its crust, its oceans, and its atmosphere. 

Geochemistry provides geologists to analyze chemical elements or determine the abundances of isotopes. Geochemistry has been at the forefront of advances in a number of widely differing domains. It has made important contributions to our understanding of many terrestrial and planetary processes, such as mantle convection, the formation of planets, the origin of granite and basalt, sedimentation, changes in the Earth’s oceans and climates, the origin of mineral deposits, to mention only a few important issues.